Description

The fast screening of thermal and pressure hazards can be performed with the Thermal Screening Unit (TSu). It typically uses samples of 0.5 to 5g to generate both temperature and pressure data, and hence can be considered a better alternative to classical DSC/DTA methods.

High Phi-Factor Test Cell Catalog

Process Safety and Scale Up Specifications

Process Safety and Scale Up (Mandarin)

Process Safety and Scale Up Brochure

Applications

The TSu typically finds application in:

• Thermal reaction screening of reaction hazards in process scale-up
• thermal stability studies on the reaction waste stream

This is due to its ability to characterize sample pressure changes in addition to thermal behavior, and its capability in supporting relatively large sample measurements.

For effective reaction hazard screening, two critical pieces of data are needed:

• the onset temperature (T_d) of the reaction- where the exotherm is detected
• the pressure generated by the resultant runaway

If the MTSR (Maximum Temperature of the Synthesis  )  is greater than the onset temperature (T_d) of a component within the reaction mix, an undesired side reaction or decomposition may be triggered, possibly leading to a secondary thermal runaway.

In addition to considering thermal stability, it is also vital to screen for pressure hazards.  Some of the most hazardous reaction mixes are those which involve the production of non-condensable gases. The TSu provides critical information on the associated pressure change, which is vital for assessing the over-pressurization hazard.

The TSu’s ability to support relatively large volume measurements (0.5 ml to 10 ml), enables representative samples of the reaction mix to be screened and reliable data to be determined for the reactants, intermediates, and products in the reaction mix. The test cells are available in a variety of materials, enabling a range of sample types to be tested. The test cells are also fully compatible with the Phi-TEC I and Phi-TEC II.  This facilitates data comparison and method transfer between the instruments, should the initial hazard assessment on the TSu highlight that a secondary thermal runaway is likely, and that it is necessary to screen the hazard more thoroughly adiabatically.

Features and Options

Operating Modes

The principle operation is a simple oven temperature ramp (0.5-10 ° C/min), with sample temperature and pressure allowed to vary independently. Exotherm and gas evolutions are indicated by a spike in the sample Temperature and/or Pressure traces.

Additional operating modes are available as standard including

• Isothermal (stability)
• Dual-Scan
• Soak & Scan

Multiple Units:

The compact design of the instrument makes it easy to fit several units into a standard fume cupboard. This is a cost-effective method of screening large numbers of samples.